Essay on Water Treatment Systems Activated Sludge

Activated sludge (AS) has become one of the most widely used biological wastewater treatment processes. The AS involves the transformation through metabolic processes of dissolved and suspended wastewater substrate, consisting of organic, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, to settlable biological flocs and gases. (Sanin et al., 2006; Semblante et al., 2014). These flocs containing biomass and inorganic matter are settled in secondary sedimentation chambers to produce effluent that has low suspended solids concentration. A portion of the settled sludge is returned to the beginning of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in order to maintain a desirable biomass concentration and process efficiency. Constant mixed liquor suspended solids†¦show more content†¦Metabolic changes and predating bacteria growth, occurring at high sludge retention time (SRT) and deferent regimes (anaerobic, anoxic), result low observed sludge yields (Yobs) (Natuscka and Welander, 1996; Loosdrecht and Henze, 1999). Towards the goal of zero net biomass production, complete SRT was applied in this study resulting near zero Yobs values and an increase on MLSS concentration high enough to create settling problems. The efficiency of the activated sludge treatment process is correlated to an efficient solid-liquid separation, which is strongly depended on the biomass settling properties (Govoreanu et al., 2003). Efficient solid-liquid separation results from the aggregation of microbes and solids into activated sludge flocs (bioflocs). An ideal biofloc is defined as one that is strong and compacts well so that it settles properly producing a dense sludge for recycle to the bioreactor and a high quality effluent (Nirupa, 2010). Bioflocculation has an impact both on settling properties and the dewaterability of sludge. The final stage of biosolid-liquid separation is the settling process in secondary clarifiers which is considered the limiting factor in producing high quality effluent. Poor bioflocculation in a WWTP can result poor settling in the clarifiers, turbid effluent and adverse effects on dewatering (Grady et al., 1999; Sanin et al., 2006; Nguyen et al., 2008). Settling problems in activated sludge are oftenShow MoreRelatedWastewater Treatment: Primary and Secondary Treatment Essay1312 Words   |  6 Pagesrelease of waste into the water bodies. Such rivers are commonly known as sensitive rivers. 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